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Congregation Beth Israel ((ヘブライ語:בית ישראל)) is a Jewish congregation located at 10460 North 56th Street in Scottsdale, Arizona.〔 Formally incorporated in 1920,〔 it affiliated with the Reform movement in 1935.〔 Abraham Lincoln Krohn was rabbi of Beth Israel from 1938 to 1953, and during his tenure the congregation grew from under 100 to almost 600 member families.〔 He was succeeded by Albert Plotkin, who served for almost 40 years.〔 Beth Israel's original building in Downtown Phoenix, constructed in 1921–1922, is listed on both the city’s historic property register and the National Register of Historic Places. After being sold in 1949, it housed churches until 2002, when the Jewish community repurchased it.〔 In 2007 the Arizona Jewish Historical Society started a $4 million campaign to restore it and convert it into a museum.〔 , Beth Israel was the oldest synagogue in the Phoenix metropolitan area.〔〔 The senior rabbi was Stephen Kahn, the associate rabbi was Rony Keller, and the cantor was Jaime Shpall.〔 ==Early years, first building== Jewish settlers in Phoenix began gathering for High Holiday services as early as 1906. A formal congregation was established by Barnett E. Marks, a lawyer from Chicago, who held services in a room over Melczer's saloon, and also organized a Sunday School to provide a Jewish education for his two sons.〔〔 By 1918 the congregation was calling itself "Emanuel", and holding services in English and Hebrew on the Jewish Festivals.〔''American Jewish Yearbook'', Vol. 21. p. 339.〕 In 1920, the congregation incorporated as "Congregation Beth Israel".〔 Its first rabbi was David L. Liknaitz, and its first president was Charles Steinberg.〔 Liknaitz would serve until 1924.〔 Services were held in a number of temporary locations.〔 In 1915 and 1917 respectively the local chapters of the B'nai B'rith and the National Council of Jewish Women were formed. Together they purchased a church in 1921, and converted it for use as a Phoenix's first synagogue by the Phoenix Hebrew Center Association. The Association soon became defunct, and the building was taken over by the Congregation Beth Israel.〔〔 That year the congregation raised $14,000 (today $) and hired the architectural firm Lescher, Kibbey and Mahoney to design and construct a synagogue building near Central Avenue and Culver Street, in Downtown Phoenix.〔〔 The building, a simple, stuccoed, gable-end-to-the-street Mission Revival Style structure, was constructed in 1921–1922, and an annex added in 1930.〔 At the time the building was constructed, the Phoenix area had only 120 Jewish residents. The synagogue served as a cultural center for the Jewish community, including hosting communal Passover Seders, at a time when Jews faced discrimination at hotels and other places of public gathering.〔 During the 1920s the synagogue had difficulty keeping rabbis. Most would only stay for a few years, and one in particular was suspected of being a charlatan; "()he rabbi college where he claimed he attended had no record of him."〔 A.I. Goldberg served from 1924 to 1925, Adolph Rosenberg from 1926 to 1929.〔 In 1930, the congregation became divided over the need for the Jewish community to hire a ''shochet'' to ritually slaughter animals for kosher meat, and over whether the synagogue should hire a Reform or Conservative rabbi. More traditional members broke away to form the Beth El Congregation, affiliated with Conservative Judaism.〔〔 That year Samuel Dodkin Hurwitz was hired as Beth Israel's rabbi. Born in Krychaw, Belarus in 1901, his family emigrated to the United States in 1903. He graduated from the University of Cincinnati in 1926, and was ordained at Hebrew Union College in 1929. His first pulpit, from 1929 to 1930, was Temple Emanuel in Davenport, Iowa. In 1934 he was appointed to the board of the Phoenix Public Library. In 1935 he left Beth Israel to become rabbi at Temple Beth El in Benton Harbor, Michigan.〔〔 Philip W. Jaffa, ordained at Hebrew Union College in 1928,〔 joined as rabbi in 1935.〔 He adopted the Reform movement's ''Union Prayer Book'' and its religious school curriculum, and added choir music to the services.〔 That year much of the synagogue building was destroyed by a fire, and Jaffa's whole library was lost. The congregation re-built the structure, extensively remodeling the sanctuary, and added a religious school building/classroom annex.〔〔 Jaffa would serve until 1938.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Congregation Beth Israel (Scottsdale, Arizona)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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